National Voluntary Farm-Level Biosecurity Standard for the Greenhouse, Nursery and Floriculture Sectors
6.0 Glossary
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- Biological Control:
- Often referred to as "biocontrols". Biological pest control is the method of controlling pests (including insects, mites, weeds and plant diseases) using other living organisms. It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory, or other natural mechanisms, but typically also involves an active human management role. It is often an important component of integrated pest management (IPM) programs.
- Biosecurity:
- A set of practices used to minimize the transmission of pests including their introduction (bioexclusion), spread (biomanagement), and release (biocontainment).
- Controlled Access Zone (CAZ):
- A place of production, area within a place of production, or a field area, where access to that area is restricted or otherwise controlled.
- Greenhouse:
- While the Biosecurity Standard uses the more general term "Greenhouse" there are in fact two distinct definitions to consider:
1) A vegetable greenhouse or hothouse means a fully enclosed permanent aluminum or steel structure clad either in glass or impermeable plastic which must:
(a) Use automated irrigation and climate control systems, including heating and ventilation capabilities: and
(b) Utilize hydroponic methods
"Vegetable Greenhouse/Hothouse Production Standards" also include:
i) Minimizing pesticide use by utilizing no herbicides and following production practices such as Integrated Pest Management; and
ii) Complying with the standards of a globally accepted Food Safety program.
A certified organic greenhouse/hothouse vegetable facility must meet the greenhouse definition, with the exception of (b), as, according to Canadian organic standards (CAN/CGSB-32.310-2006), hydroponics are not allowed and "soil" must be used as the growth mediumFootnote 7.2) A floriculture greenhouse or nursery greenhouse is the physical location where plants are grown within, under, or sheltered by structures to provide a modified growing condition and/or protection from pests and adverse weather. These structures may include greenhouses, hoop houses, screen houses, shade houses, or other structuresFootnote 8.
- Input:
- The resources that are used in greenhouse, nursery or floriculture production, such as chemicals, equipment, fertilizer, seed and plant material.
- Integrated Pest Management (IPM):
- Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a process for planning and managing sites to prevent pest problems and for making decisions about when and how to intervene when pest problems occur. It is a sustainable approach, combining biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools to manage pests so that the benefits of pest control are maximized and the health and environmental risks are minimized.
- Maintenance:
- Involves unscheduled and routinely scheduled activities to fix any area of the place of production, device or equipment should it become out of order or broken.
- Output:
- Includes waste, garbage and finished product.
- PestFootnote 9:
- Any living organism injurious to plants, plant products or by-products which includes insects, diseases and weeds.
- Place of production:
- For the purpose of this document the term "place of production" is used to describe a variety of operational realities, including farms, nurseries, greenhouses, packing houses, etc.
- Restricted Access Zone (RAZ):
- An area, generally located inside the controlled access zone, where access by people or equipment, is further restricted, providing an extra level of protection.
- Service Providers:
- Includes but is not limited to federal and provincial inspectors, delivery personnel, utility providers such as electricians and plumbers, IPM Specialists and extension specialists.
- Vector:
- A biological, physical or environmental agent that disperses a plant pest.
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