Treatment schedules for horticulture commodities
Important notice
Canada is a signatory of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (1992) agreeing to the reduction and eventual phase-out of methyl bromide use. The CFIA encourages the use of methyl bromide recovery systems and will consider alternative treatment proposals.
All fumigation schedules below are for methyl bromide.
The schedules below generally correspond to fumigation schedules in the United States Department of Agriculture – Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS) Treatment Manual PDF (5.4 mb).
Phytosanitary certificates for articles destined to Canada may either state the fumigation details as per the schedules below or the number of the corresponding schedule from the USDA-APHIS Treatment Manual as indicated below. If fumigation details are stated, either metric or imperial units may be used.
- Treatment schedule 1
- Treatment schedule 2
- Treatment schedule 3
- Treatment schedule 4
- Treatment schedule 5
- Treatment schedule 6
- Treatment schedule 7
- Treatment schedule 8
- Treatment schedule 9
- Treatment schedule 10
- Treatment schedule 11
- Treatment schedule 12
- Treatment schedule 13
- Treatment schedule 14
Treatment schedule 1
This treatment may be used for the following fresh fruit:
- Malus spp. (apples) from Japan, as described in Appendix 2.3 of directive D-95-08.
- Malus spp. (apples) from the Republic of Korea, as described in Appendix 2.4 of directive D-95-08.
Cold treatment at or below 1°C (34°F) for 40 days, followed by fumigation with methyl bromide according to the schedule below.
Option A: Cardboard cartons only. Maximum load factor 40%.
Option B: Plastic field bins. Maximum load factor 50%.
For both options: Exposure for two hours at normal atmospheric pressure, in a fumigation chamber or under tarpaulin.
MCR: minimum concentration readings
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 0.5 hr (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 2 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Option A | 15°C or above 59°F or above |
38 | 2.4 | 35 | 29 |
Option B | 10°C or above 50°F or above |
48 | 3.0 | 44 | 36 |
Treatment schedule 2
Corresponds to the following schedules from the USDA-APHIS Treatment Manual PDF (5.4 mb):
T101-a-1, T101-a-3, T101-h-1, T101-i-2, T101-r-1, T101-x-2.
This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:
- Capsicum spp. (peppers), as described in directive D-10-01.
- Cydonia spp. (quince) from various countries destined to British Columbia, as described in Appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
- Malus spp. (apples) from Japan, as described in Appendix 2.3 of directive D-95-08.
- Malus spp. (apples) from the People's Republic of China, as described in Appendix 2.2 of directive D-95-08.
- Malus spp. (apples and crabapples) from Uruguay destined to British Columbia, as described in Appendix 2.9 of directive D-95-08.
- Prunus spp. (stone fruit) other than P. avium and P. cerasus (cherries), from various countries destined to British Columbia, as described in Appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
- Prunus spp. (stone fruit) other than P. avium and P. cerasus (cherries) from Spain, as described in Appendix 2.1 of directive D-95-08.
- Prunus spp. (stone fruit) from Australia destined to British Columbia, as described in Appendix 2.10 of directive D-95-08.
- Prunus spp. (stone fruit) from South Africa destined to British Columbia, as described in Appendix 2.11 of directive D-95-08.
- Prunus spp. (stone fruit), Ribes spp. (e.g. currants, gooseberries), Rubus caesius (European dewberry) and Rubus fructicosus (European blackberry) from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.
- Vitis spp. (grapes) from Japan, as described in Appendix 2.15 of directive D-95-08.
- Vitis spp. (grapes) from the Republic of Korea, as described in Appendix 2.13 of directive D-95-08.
- Vitis spp. (grapes) from Uruguay, as described in Appendix 2.14 of directive D-95-08.
Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – tarpaulin or chamber.
MCR: minimum concentration reading
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 0.5 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 2 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
---|---|---|---|---|
27°C or above 80°F or above |
24 | 1.5 | 19 | 14 |
21-26°C 70-79°F |
32 | 2.0 | 26 | 19 |
16-21°C 60-69°F |
40 | 2.5 | 32 | 24 |
10-15°C 50-59°F |
48 | 3.0 | 38 | 29 |
5-9°C 41-49°F |
64 | 4.0 | 48 | 38 |
Treatment schedule 3
Corresponds to the following schedule from the USDA-APHIS Treatment Manual PDF (5.4 mb): T101-t-1.
This schedule may be used for:
- Castanea spp. (chestnuts) from all origins other than the continental United States, as described in Appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – chamber or tarpaulin.
MCR: minimum concentration readings
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 0.5 hr (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 2 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 3 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 4 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 5 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 6 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
32°C or above 90°F or above |
64 | 4.0 | 58 | 34 | 34 | |||
27-31°C 80-89°F |
64 | 4.0 | 58 | 32 | 32 | |||
21-26°C 70-79°F |
80 | 5.0 | 72 | 42 | 42 | |||
16-20°C 60-69°F |
80 | 5.0 | 72 | 40 | 40 | |||
10-15°C 50-59°F |
96 | 6.0 | 85 | 50 | 50 | |||
4-9°C 40-49°F |
96 | 6.0 | 85 | 48 | 48 |
Treatment schedule 4
Corresponds to the following schedule from the USDA-APHIS Treatment Manual PDF (5.4 mb): T101-u-1.
This schedule may be used for:
- Castanea spp. (chestnuts) from all origins other than the continental United States, as described in Appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
Fumigation with methyl bromide in a chamber, in 26" vacuum.
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
Exposure time (hours) |
---|---|---|---|
27°C or above 80°F or above |
48 | 3.0 | 2 |
21-26°C 70-79°F |
64 | 4.0 | 2 |
16-20°C 60-69°F |
64 | 4.0 | 3 |
10-15°C 50-59°F |
64 | 4.0 | 4 |
4-9°C 40-49°F |
64 | 4.0 | 5 |
Treatment schedule 5
This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:
- Cydonia spp. (quince) from Australia to destinations other than British Columbia, as described in Appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
- Vitis spp. (grapes) from Australia, as described in Appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
Fumigation with methyl bromide as described below for 2 hours at normal atmospheric pressure. After fumigation, the shipment must be maintained at a continuous temperature of 0°C for 21 days.
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
---|---|---|
21°C 70°F |
16 | 1.0 |
16°C 60°F |
24 | 1.5 |
Treatment schedule 6
This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:
- Prunus spp. (stone fruit) from Australia to destinations other than British Columbia, as described in Appendix 2.10 of directive D-95-08.
Fumigation with methyl bromide as described below at normal atmospheric pressure for 2.5 hours.
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
---|---|---|
26°C or above 80°F or above |
12 | 0.8 |
21-25°C 70-79°F |
16 | 1.0 |
16-20°C 61-69°F |
20 | 1.2 |
11-15°C 52-60°F |
24 | 1.5 |
Treatment schedule 7
This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:
- Vaccinium spp. (e.g. blueberries) other than V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos (cranberries), from U.S. states infested with Rhagoletis mendax (blueberry maggot) destined to Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Ontario, Quebec or Saskatchewan, as described in Appendix 2.18 of directive D-95-08.
Fumigation with methyl bromide as described below at normal atmospheric pressure.
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
Exposure time |
---|---|---|---|
27.7°C or above 81.9°F or above |
32 | 2.0 | 2 |
22.2 – 27.2°C 72.0 – 81.0°F |
32 | 2.0 | 2.5 |
16.6 – 21.6°C 61.9 – 70.9°F |
32 | 2.0 | 3 |
10 – 16.1°C 50 – 61.0°F |
32 | 2.0 | 3.5 |
Treatment schedule 8
Corresponds to the following schedule from the USDA-APHIS Treatment Manual PDF (5.4 mb): T-101-c-3-1.
This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:
- Solanum lycopersicum (tomatoes), as described in directive D-10-01.
Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – tarpaulin or chamber.
MCR: minimum concentration reading
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 0.5 hr (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 2 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
---|---|---|---|---|
21°C or above 70°F or above |
48 | 3.0 | 43 | 33 |
Treatment schedule 9
Corresponds to the following schedule from the USDA-APHIS Treatment Manual PDF (5.4 mb): T101-h-2.
This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:
- Vitis spp. (grapes) from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.
Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure.
Option A: In a chamber with a commodity load not to exceed 50%.
Option B: Under a tarpaulin. Must be used in conjunction with cold storage at 1°C (34°F) or lower for a minimum of 10 days.
MCR: minimum concentration reading
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 0.5 hr (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 3 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 10°C or above 50°F or above |
56 | 3.5 | 50 | 40 |
B | 4°C or above 40°F or above |
64 | 4.0 | 55 | 45 |
Treatment schedule 10
Corresponds to the following schedule from the USDA-APHIS Treatment Manual PDF (5.4 mb): T101-i-1-1.
This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:
- Vaccinium spp. (e.g. blueberries) other than V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos (cranberries), from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.
Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – tarpaulin or chamber.
MCR: minimum concentration reading
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 0.5 hr (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 2 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 3.5 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
21°C or above 70°F or above |
32 | 2.0 | 26 | 22 | 21 |
Treatment schedule 11
Corresponds to the following schedule from the USDA-APHIS Treatment Manual PDF (5.4 mb): T101-i-1-2.
This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:
- Vaccinium spp. (e.g. blueberries) other than V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos (cranberries), from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.
Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – chamber.
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
Exposure period (hours) |
---|---|---|---|
16°C or above 60°F or above |
32 | 2.0 | 3.5 |
Treatment schedule 12
Corresponds to the following schedule from the USDA-APHIS Treatment Manual PDF (5.4 mb): T101-i-1-3.
This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:
- Vaccinium spp. (e.g. blueberries) other than V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos (cranberries), from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.
Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – tarpaulin.
Fumigation must be preceded by cold storage at 1°C (34°F) or lower for a minimum of 10 days.
MCR: minimum concentration reading
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 0.5 hr (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 3 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
---|---|---|---|---|
4-21°C 40-69°F |
64 | 4.0 | 55 | 45 |
Treatment schedule 13
Corresponds to the following schedule from the USDA-APHIS Treatment Manual PDF (5.4 mb): T101-i-1-4.
This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:
- Vaccinium spp. (e.g. blueberries) other than V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos (cranberries), from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.
Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – chamber.
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
Exposure period (hours) |
---|---|---|---|
10-15°C 50-59°F |
56 | 3.5 | 3.0 |
4-9°C 40-49°F |
64 | 4.0 | 3.0 |
Treatment schedule 14
Corresponds to the following schedule from the USDA-APHIS Treatment Manual PDF (5.4 mb): T404-e-1.
MCR: Minimum concentration reading
Temperature | Dosage rate (g/m3) |
Dosage rate (lb/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 2 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 4 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
MCR at 24 hrs (g/m3, oz/1000 ft3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
21°C or above 70°F or above |
48 | 3.0 | 36 | 31 | 24 |
16-21°C or above 61-70°F or above |
56 | 3.5 | 42 | 36 | 28 |
10-16°C or above 50-61°F or above |
64 | 4.0 | 48 | 42 | 32 |
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