What are genetically engineered foods
Genetically engineered foods come from plants, animals, or microorganisms whose DNA has been changed using modern biotechnology (for example, adding, removing, or altering genes to introduce new traits). Genetic engineering is a type of genetic modification.
Why are some foods genetically engineered
Genetic engineering offers a more targeted and efficient way to produce food that is just as safe for people, animals, and the environment as conventionally bred plants and animals. It can help tackle challenges like food security and sustainability. For example, it can make animals less vulnerable to certain diseases and enable plants to resist pests, diseases, and extreme weather—reducing food loss and supporting a more reliable food supply.
Labelling requirements
Canadian law does not require labels to identify foods that are genetically engineered. They are labelled like other food because Health Canada's safety assessments have found them to be as safe and nutritious as conventional foods.
Method of production claims (such as, genetically engineered) are not required on food labels. Businesses can choose to make claims not related to health or safety on a voluntary basis.
As with all information provided on food labels or in advertising, method of production claims must be accurate, truthful, and must not mislead or deceive the consumer.
How to identify genetically engineered or non-genetically engineered foods
There are no official logos to identify genetically engineered or non-genetically engineered foods, but industry can respond to consumer preferences by adding voluntary claims on food labels.
Genetically engineered
Food labels could indicate that products or ingredients are genetically engineered, for example:
- these potatoes are a product of genetic engineering
- canola oil (from a genetically engineered and non-genetically engineered blend of canola)
Non-genetically engineered
Food labels could indicate that products or ingredients are not genetically engineered, for example:
- these corn chips are made with non-genetically engineered corn
The label must not give an impression of false uniqueness. For example, there are no genetically engineered oranges in Canada so if the label says they are non-genetically engineered it might give the false impression that other brands are genetically engineered. To avoid giving that impression they could be labelled:
- like all oranges, these are not a product of genetic engineering
Organic
You can also look for voluntary organic claims on food labels. The Canada Organic Regime does not allow genetically engineered foods to be labelled as organic.
National standard
The National standard of Canada for voluntary labelling and advertising of foods that are and are not products of genetic engineering (Standard) provides guidance for:
- voluntary label declarations that are understandable and not misleading
- positive and negative claims (for example, "products of genetic engineering" or "not products of genetic engineering")
- labelling for single and multi-ingredient foods
- the scope of foods covered under the Standard
- verifying the truthfulness of these statements
The Standard was developed by the Canadian General Standards Board and a multi-stakeholder committee using a consensus-driven process. The committee includes participants from federal departments and agencies, consumer groups, food manufacturers, grocery distributors, provincial representatives and farm organizations.
Businesses can use the Standard to help them make claims on their label that are truthful and not misleading.
Learn more
You can contact the manufacturer directly or inquire at the point of sale if you have concerns or questions about how food is produced.