Treatment schedules for horticulture commodities

Reducing the use of methyl bromide

Canada is a signatory of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (1992) agreeing to the reduction and eventual phase-out of methyl bromide use. The CFIA encourages the use of methyl bromide recovery systems and will consider alternative treatment proposals.

All fumigation schedules on this page are for methyl bromide and generally correspond to fumigation schedules in the USDA-APHIS treatment manual (PDF) (United States Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service).

Phytosanitary certificates for plant products destined to Canada must list:

• the fumigation information provided in the tables below, or
• the number of the corresponding schedule from the USDA-APHIS treatment manual, which can also be found in the sections below

When providing fumigation information, you can use metric or imperial units.

On this page

• Treatment schedule 1
• Treatment schedule 2
• Treatment schedule 3
• Treatment schedule 4
• Treatment schedule 5
• Treatment schedule 6
• Treatment schedule 7
• Treatment schedule 8
• Treatment schedule 9
• Treatment schedule 10
• Treatment schedule 11
• Treatment schedule 12
• Treatment schedule 13
• Treatment schedule 14

Treatment schedule 1

This treatment may be used for the following fresh fruit:

• Malus spp. (apples) from Japan, as described in appendix 2.3 of directive D-95-08.
• Malus spp. (apples) from the Republic of Korea, as described in appendix 2.4 of directive D-95-08.

Cold treatment at or below 1°C (34°F) for 40 days, followed by fumigation with methyl bromide according to the schedule below.

• Option A: Cardboard cartons only. Maximum load factor 40%.
• Option B: Plastic field bins. Maximum load factor 50%.

For both options: Exposure for two hours at normal atmospheric pressure, in a fumigation chamber or under tarpaulin.

Treatment schedule 2

This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:

• Capsicum spp. (peppers), as described in directive D-10-01.
• Cydonia spp. (quince) from various countries destined to British Columbia, as described in appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
• Malus spp. (apples) from Japan, as described in appendix 2.3 of directive D-95-08.
• Malus spp. (apples) from the People's Republic of China, as described in appendix 2.2 of directive D-95-08.
• Malus spp. (apples and crabapples) from Uruguay destined to British Columbia, as described in appendix 2.9 of directive D-95-08.
• Prunus spp. (stone fruit) other than P. avium and P. cerasus (cherries), from various countries destined to British Columbia, as described in appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
• Prunus spp. (stone fruit) other than P. avium and P. cerasus (cherries) from Spain, as described in appendix 2.1 of directive D-95-08.
• Prunus spp. (stone fruit) from Australia destined to British Columbia, as described in appendix 2.10 of directive D-95-08.
• Prunus spp. (stone fruit) from South Africa destined to British Columbia, as described in appendix 2.11 of directive D-95-08.
• Prunus spp. (stone fruit), Ribes spp. (for example, currants, gooseberries), Rubus caesius (European dewberry) and Rubus fructicosus (European blackberry) from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.
• Vitis spp. (grapes) from Japan, as described in appendix 2.15 of directive D-95-08.
• Vitis spp. (grapes) from the Republic of Korea, as described in Appendix 2.13 of directive D-95-08.
• Vitis spp. (grapes) from Uruguay, as described in Appendix 2.14 of directive D-95-08.

Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – tarpaulin or chamber.

Treatment schedule 3

This schedule may be used for:

• Castanea spp. (chestnuts) from all origins other than the continental United States, as described in appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.

Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – chamber or tarpaulin.

Treatment schedule 4

This schedule may be used for:

• Castanea spp. (chestnuts) from all origins other than the continental United States, as described in appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.

Fumigation with methyl bromide in a chamber, in 26" vacuum.

Treatment schedule 5

This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:

• Cydonia spp. (quince) from Australia to destinations other than British Columbia, as described in appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
• Fragaria spp. (strawberries) from Australia, as described in appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
• Malus spp. (apples) from Australia, as described in appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
• Ribes spp. (for example: currants, gooseberries) from Australia, as described in appendix 1 of directive D-95-08.
• Rubus spp. (for example: blackberries, raspberries) from Australia, as described in Appendix 1 of directive D-95-08
• Vitis spp. (grapes) from Australia, as described in Appendix 1 of directive D-95-08

Fumigation with methyl bromide as described below for 2 hours at normal atmospheric pressure. After fumigation, the shipment must be maintained at a continuous temperature of 0°C for 21 days.

Treatment schedule 6

This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:

• Prunus spp. (stone fruit) from Australia to destinations other than British Columbia, as described in appendix 2.10 of directive D-95-08.

Fumigation with methyl bromide as described below at normal atmospheric pressure for 2.5 hours.

Treatment schedule 7

This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:

• Vaccinium spp. (for example, blueberries) other than V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos (cranberries), from U.S. states infested with Rhagoletis mendax (blueberry maggot) destined to Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Ontario, Quebec or Saskatchewan, as described in appendix 2.18 of directive D-95-08.

Fumigation with methyl bromide as described below at normal atmospheric pressure.

Treatment schedule 8

This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:

• Solanum lycopersicum (tomatoes), as described in directive D-10-01.

Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – tarpaulin or chamber.

Treatment schedule 9

This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:

• Vitis spp. (grapes) from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.

Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure.

Option A: In a chamber with a commodity load not to exceed 50%.
Option B: Under a tarpaulin. Must be used in conjunction with cold storage at 1°C (34°F) or lower for a minimum of 10 days.

Treatment schedule 10

This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:

• Vaccinium spp. (for example, blueberries) other than V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos (cranberries), from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.

Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – tarpaulin or chamber.

Treatment schedule 11

This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:

• Vaccinium spp. (for example, blueberries) other than V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos (cranberries), from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.

Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – chamber.

Treatment schedule 12

This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:

• Vaccinium spp. (for example, blueberries) other than V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos(cranberries), from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.

Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – tarpaulin.

Fumigation must be preceded by cold storage at 1°C (34°F) or lower for a minimum of 10 days.

Treatment schedule 13

This schedule may be used for the following fresh fruit:

• Vaccinium spp. (for example, blueberries) other than V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos (cranberries), from countries regulated for Lobesia botrana, as described in directive D-13-03.

Fumigation with methyl bromide at normal atmospheric pressure – chamber.

Treatment schedule 14